[MUSIC] Hello everyone, my name is Nicolo Hautiere. I am project director of IFSTTAR in France. And I am leading the fifth generation road program, which deals with future roads, and road innovation. In this course, I would like to introduce you to challenges that must handle, present some technical competence with high innovation potentials. And finally, present you the scope of the 5th generation route program. As you may know, the challenges for future routes are huge. Nevertheless, by looking at our past history we can learn that roads have always been able to cope with societal challenges, and to answer to user needs. The fifth generation road was the track which was useful to go from the farm to the village. So second whole generation was paved road with had old man soldiers to cover faster in all time so the empire. The third generation hold was the smooth road and allow cyclists to use common road in a more comfortable and efficient way. However, the roads were too dangerous for use of motor vehicles and you see sometimes severe accidents. The 4th road generation was then the motorway which was safer and allowed traveling much faster without stopping. Consequently, to design the road of the future, that we call the 5th generation road. We are first to examine two days [INAUDIBLE] challenges and unit needs in order to see how roads are likely to change. Main currents [INAUDIBLE] challenges, concern health, water, energy, education, environment, security, authority and food. It is important to understand that the road embeds all this challenges. Sharing of territories is one of them. According to the International Energy Agency, 25 million kilometers of new road are foreseen by 2050 worldwide. Beyond this impressive figures, this new roads may create conflicts with a agriculture and starvation which is a source of civil war. Now if we look at the specific challenges of road infrastructure, in fact the translation associated challenges into technical challenges, there are numerous as well. Safety and security, reliability, efficiency, quality of life, cost, financing and decarbonization this challenges are now recognized by the European Union since infrastructures are in the integrated part of the current European Research Framework program named Horizon 2020. As I said before, challenges are huge, but innovation opportunities are currently emerging for research labs. Firstly, innovation in materials science and engineering is very promising and easy key to solve numerous challenges. Indeed, bitumen materials science and engineering bitumen aging new generations of bitumen with enhanced functionalities and new construction methods. Modular and pre fabricated such as the road paved in Netherlands, safe clean and safe repair roads and so on. Secondly, road connectivity which allows data exchange between road users, road signs and different management centers, is an essential key safety, security, efficiency, and reliability and does cost per travel kilometer of future roads. Last but not least, is an energy science and engineering allows harvesting energy from the road itself. Hybrid solar holds which combine solar panels and are semitransparent wearing coils to produce electricity and pool structures to harvest heat in summer and use it in winter to defrost the hold or heat the near building. It is also envisioned to charge electric or hybrid vehicles In particular vehicles without stopping them thanks to inductive or conductive technology we have been recently adapting from other industries or sectors. As you see there are many opportunities to upgrade roads into fifth generation roads. However, the strong willingness was missing to implement simultaneously this innovations since it is risky process. It is exactly the aim of the R5G program financed by the French government and the European commission building full scale demonstrator of the next generation road that include component. From the three aforementioned intermittent scenes. In this aim, a three phase program has been designed. In the first stage, from 2010 to 2015, testing and labeling of technical components were carried out. We are now in the second stage of the program where full scale demonstrators are being designed and soon constricted with the super French innovation agencies. Finally, the sabotage is foreseen where current regulation will be completely adapted to taking into account new systems and technologies in order to deploy messaging more promising solutions and this solves the societal challenges we are associated with. To conclude this course, I would like to summarize the key points of my presentation. The road embeds all the global challenges, and in particular must contribute to the limitation of anthropization, where building of new roads is necessary. [FOREIGN] Terrestrial transport mode, and to be integrated from an energetic point of view. I would like to thank you for your attention. [MUSIC]